Assessing the Product–Service Systems Supply Chain Capabilities: Construct and Instrument Development

Product–service systems (PSS) has become a major subject of concern for many industries because their benefits and the possibilities to reduce negative environmental impacts address sustainability concerns. Despite PSS, little empirical research been conducted investigate PSS supply chain (SC) capabilities constructs. This study offers original contributions valid reliable construct instrument development measure SC capabilities. A systematic approach was employed develop validate an evaluating comprises specifying domains constructs, generating sample items, conducting interrater agreement analysis, testing non-response bias, assessing using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) confirmatory (CFA). The validity proposed model tested structural equation modeling based on large-scale online survey from 447 participants working motorcycle service partners. result shows seven distinctive namely knowledge assessment, partner development, co-evolving, reflexive control, re-conceptualization, innovative delivery, sustainable product–service capability. contributes validated tool companies